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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Bone substitute materials supplemented with prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors decrease osteoclastogenesis in vitro.

Philipp Vinzenz1,2, Stefan Schröckmair1,2, Reinhard Gruber1,2,3

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone substitute materials releasing prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors were found to reduce osteoclastogenesis. These inhibitors decrease osteoclast formation and activity, impacting bone regeneration positively.

Keywords:
bonebone graftbone remodelingcell differentiationdrug delivery/release

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Skeletal Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition promotes bone regeneration.
  • Bone substitute materials releasing these inhibitors are being developed.
  • The effect of these inhibitors on osteoclastogenesis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors released from bone substitute materials on osteoclastogenesis.
  • To assess the effects on osteoclast progenitor cells.

Main Methods:

  • Lyophilizing prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (dimethyloxalylglycine, desferrioxamine, l-mimosine) onto bovine bone mineral and hydroxyapatite.
  • Inducing osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow cultures with material supernatants.
  • Measuring tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells, TRAP activity, proliferation, and viability.

Main Results:

  • Released prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors reduced TRAP-positive multinucleated cell number and activity.
  • Direct addition of inhibitors dose-dependently decreased osteoclast formation and resorption.
  • Inhibitors decreased osteoclast progenitor cell proliferation but not viability.

Conclusions:

  • Prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors released from bone substitute materials effectively decrease osteoclastogenesis.
  • This finding has implications for bone regeneration strategies using these materials.