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Three-dimensional lower extremity joint loading in a carved ski and snowboard turn: a pilot study
Miriam Klous1, Erich Müller2, Hermann Schwameder2
1Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA ; Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Christian Doppler Laboratory "Biomechanics in Skiing", University of Salzburg, 5400 Hallein, Salzburg, Austria.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
|October 16, 2014
Summary
Skiing and snowboarding involve significant lower extremity injuries. This study compared ankle and knee joint loading during turns, finding differences in forces and moments between skiing and snowboarding.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Sports Medicine
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Lower extremity injuries are common in skiing and snowboarding.
- Accurate 3D kinematic and kinetic data are challenging to obtain, limiting injury-statistic and joint-loading research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare ankle and knee joint loading in the steering leg between carved ski and snowboard turns.
- To investigate the relationship between sport-specific movements and joint stress.
Main Methods:
- Collected kinetic data using mobile force plates integrated into ski/snowboard bindings.
- Acquired kinematic data via synchronized multi-camera systems.
- Calculated joint forces and moments using inverse dynamics and an extended Yeadon model.
Main Results:
- Skiing exhibited higher longitudinal axis forces compared to snowboarding.
- Anterior-posterior and mediolateral forces were similar between skiing and snowboarding.
- Snowboarding consistently produced greater joint moments, while skiing showed more variability.
Conclusions:
- Distinguishing between joint forces and moments is crucial when comparing ski and snowboard turns.
- The direction of forces and moments, along with the turn phase, significantly influences joint loading.
- This research provides insights into injury mechanisms and prevention strategies in snow sports.
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