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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Lasing threshold control in two-dimensional photonic crystals with gain.

Sotiris Droulias, Chris Fietz, Peng Zhang

    Optics Express
    |October 17, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    We show how group velocity and reflectivity affect the lasing threshold in two-dimensional photonic crystals with four-level gain media. This interplay significantly alters thresholds near band edges, crucial for photonic device design.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Photonic crystals offer unique light manipulation properties.
    • Lasing in photonic crystals is sensitive to boundary conditions and gain medium characteristics.
    • Understanding lasing thresholds is key for designing optical devices like lasers and sensors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the modification of lasing thresholds in two-dimensional photonic crystals.
    • To analyze the influence of group velocity and modal reflectivity on lasing behavior.
    • To explore the impact of optical density of states on threshold alterations, particularly near band edges.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing self-consistent calculations.
    • Employing the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for simulations.
    • Comparing simulation results with theoretical predictions.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated modification of the lasing threshold due to the interplay between group velocity and modal reflectivity.
    • Showcased dramatic alterations in lasing thresholds inside a band and near the band edge.
    • Observed agreement between FDTD simulations and theoretical predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • The interplay between group velocity and modal reflectivity critically influences lasing thresholds in photonic crystals.
    • Significant threshold modifications near band edges present opportunities for novel photonic device functionalities.
    • The FDTD method provides a reliable approach for simulating and understanding these complex optical phenomena.