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Hydrogenated anatase: strong photocatalytic dihydrogen evolution without the use of a co-catalyst
Ning Liu1, Christopher Schneider, Detlef Freitag
1Department of Materials Science WW-4, LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen (Germany).
Abstract:
The high-pressure hydrogenation of commercially available anatase or anatase/rutile TiO2 powder can create a photocatalyst for H2 evolution that is highly effective and stable without the need for any additional co-catalyst. This activation effect cannot be observed for rutile; however, for anatase/rutile mixtures, a strong synergistic effect can be found (similar to results commonly observed for noble-metal-decorated TiO2). EPR and PL measurements indicated the intrinsic co-catalytic activation of anatase TiO2 to be due to specific defect centers formed during hydrogenation. These active centers can be observed specifically for high-pressure hydrogenation; other common reduction treatments do not result in this effect.
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