A tyrosinase inhibitor from Aspergillus niger
K Y Vasantha1, C S Murugesh1, A P Sattur1
1Fermentation Technology and Bio engineering Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 500020 India.
Natural tyrosinase inhibitors are sought for food applications. Aspergillus niger isolate S16 yielded kojic acid, an effective tyrosinase inhibitor, showing 84% inhibition and an IC50 of 8.8 μg.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Enzymology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Post-harvest browning in food products is primarily caused by tyrosinase activity in the presence of oxygen.
- This enzymatic browning significantly reduces the commercial value of fruits and vegetables.
- There is a growing demand for natural inhibitors to manage tyrosinase activity in food systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To screen for natural sources of tyrosinase inhibitors from soil fungi.
- To identify and characterize a potent tyrosinase inhibitor for potential food applications.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and screening of 26 fungal cultures from Agumbe forest soil samples.
- Enzyme inhibition assay-guided purification to isolate the active compound.
- Structural elucidation of the purified inhibitor.
- Determination of inhibitory kinetics (IC50 and Ki).
Main Results:
- One fungal isolate, identified as Aspergillus niger (S16), exhibited significant tyrosinase inhibition (84%).
- The purified inhibitor was identified as kojic acid.
- Kojic acid demonstrated competitive inhibition with an IC50 of 8.8 μg and a Ki of 0.085 mM.
Conclusions:
- Aspergillus niger is a viable source for natural tyrosinase inhibitors.
- Kojic acid is an effective natural inhibitor of tyrosinase, with potential applications in preventing post-harvest browning in food products.
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