A tender swelling of the left posterior mandible: An unusual case

Tender swellings of the mandible are majorly due to inflammatory lesions like infected dental cyst, peri-apical abscess or neoplasms like osteoblastomas, cementoblastomas, osteosarcoma and intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is a subgroup of cemento-osseous dysplasia typically found in middle-aged black women as multiple, non-tender, diffuse, lobulated radio-opacities distributed throughout the maxilla and mandible, which are usually bilaterally symmetrical. Histologically, they are composed of proliferating fibrous connective tissue stroma containing foci of cementum, osteoid and bone. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is rare in Indian population and among all cases of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia, almost 97% of the cases reported till date are in females. The present case describes florid cemento-osseous dysplasia in a 26-year-old male who reported with pain in the left mandibular premolar region.