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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Task-related electroencephalographic deviances in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Inez Buyck¹, Jan R Wiersema¹

¹Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University.

Neuropsychology

|October 21, 2014

Summary

Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns during low-demand tasks, suggesting a suboptimal energetic state rather than impaired executive function. These EEG differences in ADHD were task-dependent.

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Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology
Psychophysiology

Background:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with electroencephalographic (EEG) deviances.
The functional significance of these EEG abnormalities in ADHD remains unclear, particularly concerning task demands.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the functional significance of EEG deviances in adults with ADHD.
To compare quantitative EEG during tasks varying in activation level and executive control demands.

Main Methods:

Compared behavioral performance and EEG activity in 24 adults with ADHD and 20 controls.
Utilized a slow-paced 2-choice reaction time (2-CRT) task and a moderately paced flanker task.

Main Results:

Adults with ADHD showed slower, more variable performance and more errors on the 2-CRT task, with higher theta and beta power.
No significant EEG differences were found during the flanker task, despite intact interference inhibition.
Theta power positively correlated with errors of commission in the 2-CRT task for the ADHD group.

Conclusions:

EEG deviances in ADHD are task-dependent, appearing during low activation but not high executive control load.
Findings suggest ADHD-related EEG abnormalities may stem from a suboptimal energetic state.
Impaired top-down executive control does not fully explain the observed EEG differences in ADHD.