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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
Published on: November 10, 2023
The role for medical thoracoscopy in pneumothorax
Scott Parrish1, Robert F Browning1, J Francis Turner1
11 Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Interventional Pulmonary Service, Bethesda, USA ; 2 Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Interventional Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Goodyear, AZ, USA ; 3 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 4 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Internal Medicine Department, "Theiageneio" Anticancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 8 Thoracic Surgery Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Abstract:
Pneumothorax is a life threatening situation that requires fast treatment. There are two major classifications: Primary and Secondary. Staging of pneumothorax is also very important for treatment. Treatment of pneumont can be performed either from thoracic surgeons, or pulmonary physicians. In our current work we provide up-to-date information regarding pneumothorax classification, staging and treatment from the point of view of expert pulmonary physicians.
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