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Published on: February 22, 2013
Catamenial pneumothorax
Aikaterini N Visouli1, Konstantinos Zarogoulidis1, Ioanna Kougioumtzi1
11 Interbalkan Medical Center, Pylea, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 4 Department of Respiratory Diseases Shanghai Hospital, II Military University Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
Catamenial pneumothorax (CP), a form of thoracic endometriosis, involves lung collapse linked to menstruation. Diagnosis is suggested by recurrent collapses in women with endometriosis and elevated CA-125 levels.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Gynecology
- Thoracic Surgery
Background:
- Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is the most frequent manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome.
- It often presents with recurrent lung collapse within 72 hours of menstruation onset.
- While typically affecting women aged 30-40, it can occur in younger and post-menopausal individuals with a history of pelvic endometriosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review all facets of catamenial pneumothorax.
- To detail diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for CP.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis is often suggested by recurrent pneumothorax in reproductive-aged women with endometriosis.
- Elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels can be indicative.
- Confirmation is typically achieved through video-assisted thoracoscopy or medical thoracoscopy.
Main Results:
- CP is the predominant form of thoracic endometriosis.
- Recurrence is a key diagnostic clue.
- Diagnostic confirmation relies on thoracoscopic procedures.
Conclusions:
- Catamenial pneumothorax requires a high index of suspicion in women with endometriosis and recurrent lung collapse.
- Thoracoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosis.
- This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on CP diagnosis and management.
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