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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

19
Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through...
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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
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In vivo Measurement of the Mouse Pulmonary Endothelial Surface Layer
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Catamenial pneumothorax.

Aikaterini N Visouli1, Konstantinos Zarogoulidis1, Ioanna Kougioumtzi1

  • 11 Interbalkan Medical Center, Pylea, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Pulmonary Department, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 3 Surgery Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece ; 4 Department of Respiratory Diseases Shanghai Hospital, II Military University Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China ; 5 Hematology Department, "Laiko" University General Hospital, Athens, Greece ; 6 Obstetric-Gynecology Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 7 Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Thoracic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|October 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Catamenial pneumothorax (CP), a form of thoracic endometriosis, involves lung collapse linked to menstruation. Diagnosis is suggested by recurrent collapses in women with endometriosis and elevated CA-125 levels.

Keywords:
Catamenial pneumothorax (CP)chest tubeendometriosis

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Gynecology
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is the most frequent manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome.
  • It often presents with recurrent lung collapse within 72 hours of menstruation onset.
  • While typically affecting women aged 30-40, it can occur in younger and post-menopausal individuals with a history of pelvic endometriosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review all facets of catamenial pneumothorax.
  • To detail diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for CP.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis is often suggested by recurrent pneumothorax in reproductive-aged women with endometriosis.
  • Elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels can be indicative.
  • Confirmation is typically achieved through video-assisted thoracoscopy or medical thoracoscopy.

Main Results:

  • CP is the predominant form of thoracic endometriosis.
  • Recurrence is a key diagnostic clue.
  • Diagnostic confirmation relies on thoracoscopic procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Catamenial pneumothorax requires a high index of suspicion in women with endometriosis and recurrent lung collapse.
  • Thoracoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosis.
  • This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on CP diagnosis and management.