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Elective cesarean delivery as a predisposing factor of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children

Xiaoli Shang, Tippawan Liabsuetrakul, Pasuree Sangsupawanich

    Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
    |October 28, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Elective cesarean delivery nearly doubles the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-positive acute bronchiolitis in infants. Other risk factors include young age, maternal asthma, and household smoking.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Acute bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
    • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a primary cause of acute bronchiolitis.
    • Cesarean delivery and other factors may influence RSV infection risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the association between cesarean delivery and RSV-positive acute bronchiolitis.
    • To identify other predisposing factors for RSV-positive acute bronchiolitis in children.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study was conducted in Kunming, China.
    • 265 children with bronchiolitis were analyzed for RSV using real-time RT-PCR.
    • Data on delivery mode and risk factors were collected via interviews and analyzed using logistic regression.

    Main Results:

    • RSV was detected in 75.5% of children, predominantly those under 12 months.
    • Elective cesarean delivery was associated with a doubled risk of RSV-positive bronchiolitis (aOR 2.32).
    • Younger age (<6 months), rainy season birth, maternal asthma, and heavy household smoking (>20 cigarettes/day) increased RSV risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Elective cesarean delivery is a significant risk factor for RSV-positive acute bronchiolitis.
    • Infant age, birth season, maternal asthma, and family smoking status are also important risk factors.
    • These findings highlight modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing RSV bronchiolitis risk.
    Abstract

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