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DO FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS DECREASE POVERTY? EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC CENSUS DATA.

Martha J Bailey1, Olga Malkova2, Johannes Norling3

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Family planning programs are linked to reduced poverty rates. Research shows individuals born after program implementation experienced less childhood and adult poverty.

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Area of Science:

  • Socioeconomics
  • Public Health
  • Demography

Background:

  • Poverty is a significant societal issue with long-term consequences.
  • The impact of public health interventions on socioeconomic status requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between U.S. family planning programs and poverty rates.
  • To assess the short-term and long-term effects of these programs on individuals' socioeconomic status.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a research design that exploits the county-level roll-out of U.S. family planning programs in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
  • Analyzing public census data to determine the relationship between program implementation and poverty rates.
  • Comparing poverty likelihood across cohorts born before and after program initiation.

Main Results:

  • Family planning programs are associated with a decrease in the share of children and adults living in poverty.
  • Cohorts born after the commencement of federal family planning programs demonstrated a reduced likelihood of experiencing poverty in childhood.
  • These same cohorts also exhibited a lower probability of living in poverty during adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • Early access to family planning services can have lasting positive effects on economic well-being.
  • Public health initiatives, such as family planning programs, can be effective tools in poverty reduction.
  • The findings underscore the intergenerational benefits of investing in reproductive health services.