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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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[Patella instability].

Lars Blønd1

  • 1Falkevej 6, 2670 Greve. lars-blond@dadlnet.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent patella instability is significantly linked to trochlear dysplasia. Surgical strategies should prioritize X-rays and MRI scans, favoring medial structure reconstruction and considering trochleoplasty for severe cases.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Recurrent patella instability poses a significant clinical challenge.
  • Identifying key biomechanical factors is crucial for effective management.
  • Trochlear dysplasia has emerged as a primary contributor to patellar instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of biomechanical factors in recurrent patella instability.
  • To establish an evidence-based algorithm for operative intervention.
  • To assess the efficacy of current surgical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of biomechanical factors contributing to patella instability.
  • Utilizing X-rays and MRI scans for diagnostic assessment.
  • Reviewing surgical outcomes for various interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Trochlear dysplasia identified as the most significant single factor in recurrent patella instability.
  • Medial imbrication techniques are largely obsolete due to poor outcomes.
  • Distal realignment and lateral release procedures show deteriorating results and should be minimized.
  • Reconstruction of medial structures demonstrates good results.
  • Trochleoplasty is recommended for cases with higher degrees of trochlear dysplasia.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical algorithms for patella instability should be guided by imaging (X-rays, MRI).
  • Minimizing distal realignment and lateral release is advised.
  • Reconstruction of medial structures is a viable option.
  • Trochleoplasty should be considered for severe trochlear dysplasia.