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Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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[Eosinophilic oesophagitis in adults].

Anne Lund Krarup1, Mogens Vyberg, Per Ejstrud

  • 1Medicinsk Gastroenterologisk og Hepatologisk Afdeling, Aalborg Universitetshospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg. annelundkrarup@gmail.com.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune disease causing dysphagia. Diagnosis requires symptoms, eosinophilic inflammation, and treatment response, with management including diet, steroids, or dilatation.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Oesophageal Diseases

Background:

  • Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated disease.
  • Adult patients often present with intermittent dysphagia.
  • Upper endoscopy may appear normal in up to 60% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of Eosinophilic oesophagitis in adults.
  • To summarize international consensus guidelines from 2007 and 2011.
  • To provide an overview of EoE for clinicians and researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of international consensus reports on EoE (2007, 2011).
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria for EoE.
  • Summary of current treatment modalities for EoE.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis of EoE requires oesophageal dysfunction symptoms, histological eosinophilic inflammation, treatment efficacy, and exclusion of other causes.
  • Treatment options include dietary changes, topical steroids, and oesophageal dilatation.
  • EoE is a distinct clinical entity requiring specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophilic oesophagitis is a significant cause of oesophageal dysfunction in adults.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical, histological, and therapeutic factors.
  • Effective management strategies are available for EoE.