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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Single-cell Microfluidic Analysis of Bacillus subtilis

Single-cell Microfluidic Analysis of Bacillus subtilis

Published on: January 26, 2018

Laser-induced speckle scatter patterns in Bacillus colonies.

Huisung Kim¹, Atul K Singh², Arun K Bhunia²

¹Applied Optics Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA.

Frontiers in Microbiology

|October 30, 2014

Summary

Bacillus species form unique random speckle patterns when analyzed with Bacterial Rapid Detection using Optical scattering Technology (BARDOT). Colony growth causes speckle size reduction and increased small speckle numbers, revealing bacterial swarming characteristics.

Keywords:

Bacillus bacterial colony diffraction phase modulation speckle

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Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Single-cell Microfluidic Analysis of Bacillus subtilis

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Published on: January 26, 2018

ScanLag: High-throughput Quantification of Colony Growth and Lag Time

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Live Cell Imaging of Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pneumoniae using Automated Time-lapse Microscopy

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Published on: July 28, 2011

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Optical Physics
Bacterial Phenotyping

Background:

Label-free bacterial colony phenotyping using BARDOT enables classification at genus, species, and serovar levels.
Bacillus species exhibit distinct elastic light scatter (ELS) patterns characterized by random speckles, unlike other bacteria with concentric rings and spokes.
The laser-based optical sensor interrogates the entire colony volume, encoding 3-D structural information in far-field scatter patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theoretical model explaining the mechanism of speckle formation in Bacillus species colonies.
To analyze how colony growth and surface roughness influence light scatter patterns.
To correlate scatter pattern changes with bacterial growth characteristics.

Main Methods:

Development of a theoretical scatter model for Bacillus colony light scattering.
Experimental analysis of elastic light scatter (ELS) patterns from Bacillus colonies of varying sizes.
Quantitative analysis of speckle characteristics (area, number) in relation to colony diameter.

Main Results:

Bacillus species (except B. polymyxa) produce random bright spots (speckles) in their scatter patterns.
Colony surface roughness, influenced by spread, modifies the scatter field wavefront.
As Bacillus colony diameter increased from 500 to 900 μm, average speckle area decreased twofold, and the number of small speckles increased sevenfold.

Conclusions:

The theoretical model explains Bacillus speckle formation, linked to cellular organization.
Colony growth significantly alters scatter patterns, with decreasing average speckle size and increasing small speckles.
These changes in scatter patterns are attributed to the swarming growth characteristics of Bacillus within colonies.