Relationship between biofilms and clinical features in patients with sinus fungal ball

The presence of bacterial biofilms (BBF) and fungal biofilms (FBF) is associated with greater disease severity in chronic rhinosinusitis. However, researches on biofilms in fungal rhinosinusitis are rare. This study investigated the relationship between biofilms and clinical features in patients with sinus fungal ball (SFB). Sixty-four SFB patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery and 21 controls were enrolled in this study. Mucosal samples from nasal sinuses were collected for biofilm detection under confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The general clinical data, Lund-Mackay computed tomography (CT) score, Lund-Kennedy endoscopy score, Global Osteitis Scoring Scale (GOSS) score, Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 score and visual analog scale (VAS) score were recorded. Associations between these parameters and biofilms were assessed. Under CSLM, the positive rates of BBF and FBF were 45.3 % (29/64) and 21.9 % (14/64), respectively in the SFB group but none in controls. When sub-classified according to biofilm status, the BBF-positive subgroup had significantly higher Lund-Mackay score and GOSS score than the BBF-negative one, but there were no differences in demographic characteristics, health-related quality-of-life and endoscopic inflammatory severity. BBF and FBF coexisted on the sinus mucosa of the patients with SFB. BBF was associated with more severe disease, but the distribution of FBF did not affect the severity of SFB.