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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis
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Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.

Teresa Martin-Carreras, Edward Sanchez, Laura W Bancroft

    Orthopedics
    |November 1, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    An 18-year-old man presented with abnormal chest X-rays, prompting a consultation with thoracic cancer specialists. This case highlights the importance of thorough evaluation for potential thoracic malignancies in young adults.

    Area of Science:

    • Thoracic oncology
    • Diagnostic imaging
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Early detection of thoracic malignancies is crucial for improved patient outcomes.
    • Chest radiography is a common initial screening tool for pulmonary abnormalities.

    Observation:

    • An 18-year-old male patient exhibited unexpected findings on a chest radiograph.
    • The abnormal imaging necessitated referral to specialized thoracic cancer experts.

    Findings:

    • The specific findings on the chest radiograph were not detailed but were significant enough to warrant further investigation.
    • Further diagnostic workup was initiated by the thoracic oncology team.

    Implications:

    • This case underscores the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches in young individuals presenting with pulmonary abnormalities.

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  • Timely referral to specialists can facilitate accurate diagnosis and management of rare thoracic conditions in adolescents and young adults.