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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Connective Tissues01:11

Introduction to Connective Tissues

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Connective tissues are one of the four main tissue types in humans that are extensively present in the body. They are characterized by cells embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of a ground substance and three main types of protein fibers— collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. The ground substance of connective tissues can range from a watery and jelly-like consistency to mineralized and hard. The wide variety of cells in the connective tissues include fibroblasts,...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

7
Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
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Loose Connective Tissue01:26

Loose Connective Tissue

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Loose connective tissue is found between many organs. Its main function is to absorb shock and bind tissues together. It also allows water, salts, and various nutrients to diffuse into cells that are embedded in it or present in adjacent tissues.
Adipose Tissue
Adipose tissue consists primarily of fat storage cells called adipocytes and little extracellular matrix. A large number of capillaries present within adipose tissue allow rapid mobilization of lipid molecules. White adipose tissue is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Published on: June 16, 2020

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[Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disorders].

Delphine Carmier, Élisabeth Diot, Laurent Guilleminault

    La Revue Du Praticien
    |November 4, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious complication of connective tissue diseases (CTD). Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care, including anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatments, improve outcomes for patients with ILD-CTD.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Immunology

    Context:

    • Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a significant pulmonary complication in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD).
    • ILD can precede, coincide with, or follow a CTD diagnosis.
    • Clinical evaluation requires assessing extrathoracic symptoms for CTD and respiratory function.

    Purpose:

    • To outline the clinical presentation and management strategies for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).

    Summary:

    • Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia is the predominant histological finding in CTD-ILD.
    • Optimal management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach.
    • Treatment involves anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and biologic agents.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the importance of recognizing ILD in CTD patients for timely intervention.
    • Emphasizes the need for integrated care models involving pulmonologists and rheumatologists.
    • Provides an overview of current therapeutic options for CTD-ILD.