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"In space" or "as space"?: a new model.

Charles H Smith1, Megan Derr2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural systems subsystemize to maximize entropy and share information, projecting 3D spatial outcomes. Real-world stream basins exhibit evolutionary patterns, unlike simulations, suggesting optimized subsystem structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex systems analysis
  • Geomorphology
  • Information theory

Background:

  • Natural systems exhibit complex interactions and spatial organization.
  • Entropy maximization is a fundamental principle in physics and information theory.
  • Understanding subsystem organization can reveal evolutionary processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if entropy-maximized matrices can project 3D Euclidean metrics.
  • To analyze topographical patterns in stream basins for evidence of evolutionary control.
  • To introduce and apply measures of subsystem-level redundancy.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations using n x n input-output matrices.
  • Testing entropy-maximized matrices for 3D metric projection.
  • Analyzing topographical data from 31 stream basin systems in Kentucky.

Main Results:

  • Only 4x4 matrices successfully projected 3D Euclidean metrics in simulations.
  • 28 out of 31 stream basins unambiguously passed the analysis.
  • Stream systems showed minimized internal redundancy at the four-subsystem level, lower than simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Entropy maximization can project 3D spatial metrics, particularly with 4x4 matrices.
  • Stream basin topography provides evidence of evolutionary control on subsystem organization.
  • Real-world systems may follow preferred evolutionary paths with optimized subsystem structures and lower redundancy.