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Negative Effects of Time in Bed Extension: A Pilot Study.
Alexandria M Reynold1, Emily R Bowles2, Arpit Saxena3
1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, USA.
Journal of Sleep Medicine and Disorders
|November 7, 2014
Summary
Extending sleep time (TIB) in healthy adults worsened depression, increased sleepiness, and elevated inflammation markers like Interleukin-6. This sleep extension study suggests potential negative impacts on mood and systemic inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Experimental Psychology
- Immunology
Background:
- Epidemiological studies link long sleep durations (≥8 hours) to increased mortality and morbidity.
- Experimental research on the physiological and psychological effects of deliberate sleep extension is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of extending time in bed (TIB) on mood, anxiety, sleepiness, and systemic inflammation in healthy adults.
- To compare the effects of a 3-hour TIB extension with a control condition maintaining habitual sleep duration.
Main Methods:
- Randomized controlled trial with 14 healthy sleepers.
- One week of TIB extension (3 hours added) versus a control week with habitual TIB.
- Sleep assessed via actigraphy; mood, anxiety, sleepiness, and inflammation (Interleukin-6) measured at baseline and post-treatment.
Main Results:
- TIB extension significantly increased total sleep time.
- Participants in the TIB extension group showed elevated depression (ES=-0.86) and increased sleepiness compared to controls.
- Systemic inflammation, measured by Interleukin-6, doubled in the TIB extension group (ES=-0.65).
Conclusions:
- Deliberate sleep extension, even for a week, can negatively affect mood and increase systemic inflammation.
- Further research with larger sample sizes and varied durations of sleep extension is needed to understand these effects.
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