[Double sensitization to PR10 and PR-14 proteins]

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Clinical Medicine
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is a common manifestation of pollen-food allergy syndrome.
• Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, can be triggered by various food allergens.
• Sensitization to specific protein families is a key factor in allergic reactions.

Observation:

• A patient with mild OAS presented with a history of severe anaphylaxis to hazelnuts and peaches.
• Diagnostic work-up revealed sensitization to proteins in pathogenesis-related group 10 (PR-10) and group 14 (profilins).
• This dual sensitization involves proteins like Bet v1, Cor a1, Pru p1 (PR-10) and Pru p3, Cor a8 (profilins).

Findings:

• The patient exhibited a double sensitization profile to two distinct allergen protein families.
• This profile links OAS symptoms with a history of severe anaphylaxis to related foods.
• Identification of specific sensitizing proteins aids in understanding cross-reactivity.

Implications:

• Double sensitization patterns are increasingly observed, particularly in European populations.
• Understanding these complex profiles is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective allergy management.
• This case underscores the importance of comprehensive allergy testing in patients with severe reactions.