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The Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) resource offers millions of protein annotations, expanding its coverage significantly. This vital database provides high-quality functional information for diverse species, accessible to all researchers.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) resource provides crucial functional information for proteins.
  • It integrates manual and automatic annotations from various sources, including UniProtKB and model organism databases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the current scope and capabilities of the GOA resource.
  • To highlight the resource's adherence to quality standards and its accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Data integration from UniProtKB, model organism databases, and specialist groups.
  • Application of Gene Ontology (GO) Consortium-agreed annotation guidelines.
  • Implementation of quality control checks for annotation accuracy.

Main Results:

  • GOA provides 368 million GO annotations for nearly 54 million proteins across >480,000 taxonomic groups.
  • The resource has expanded its protein coverage fivefold in the last 4 years.
  • High-quality functional data is ensured through rigorous quality control.

Conclusions:

  • The GOA resource is a comprehensive and high-quality source of protein functional information.
  • Its extensive and freely accessible data supports biological research across many species.
  • GOA plays a key role in advancing functional genomics and bioinformatics research.