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Subglacial swamps.

T M Kyrke-Smith1, A C Fowler2

  • 1Department of Earth Sciences , University of Oxford , Oxford, UK ; MACSI , University of Limerick , Limerick, Republic of Ireland.

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|November 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models subglacial water flow, revealing how ice, water, and sediment interact. The model predicts stable, shallow, swamp-like streams forming beneath ice sheets due to sediment dynamics.

Keywords:
Smith-Bretherton instabilitycanalssediment-floored channelssubglacial hydrology

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Area of Science:

  • Glaciology
  • Geophysics
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Subglacial water and sediment presence is known, but interaction mechanisms are poorly understood.
  • Deformable sediment layers beneath ice sheets influence subglacial hydrology.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for ice stream dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model for subglacial water flow incorporating deformable sediment.
  • To investigate the mechanisms of ice, water, and sediment interaction.
  • To predict the formation and characteristics of subglacial water features.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a model for subglacial water flow in a rough-bedded film over deformable sediment.
  • Derived partial differential equations from ice, water, and mobile sediment dynamics.
  • Incorporated sediment transport via fluvial bedload, ice-driven shearing, and internal squeezing.

Main Results:

  • The model predicts the formation of shallow, swamp-like subglacial streams.
  • These streams have a typical depth of centimeters and widths of tens to hundreds of meters.
  • Sediment transport mechanisms lead to rivulet formation and stable stream features.

Conclusions:

  • The model provides a fundamental understanding of subglacial water and sediment interactions.
  • Predicts stable, shallow, swamp-like streams as a common feature beneath ice sheets.
  • Highlights the role of sediment dynamics in shaping subglacial hydrology.