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Related Concept Videos

Microtubules in Signaling01:22

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The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

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The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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A transient role of the ciliary gene <i>Inpp5e</i> in controlling direct versus indirect neurogenesis in cortical development.

eLife·2020
Same author

The Ciliopathy Gene <i>Ftm/Rpgrip1l</i> Controls Mouse Forebrain Patterning via Region-Specific Modulation of Hedgehog/Gli Signaling.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2019
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RPGRIP1L is required for stabilizing epidermal keratinocyte adhesion through regulating desmoglein endocytosis.

PLoS genetics·2019
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Conserved rules in embryonic development of cortical interneurons.

Seminars in cell & developmental biology·2017
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The role of primary cilia in corpus callosum formation is mediated by production of the Gli3 repressor.

Human molecular genetics·2015
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The more we know, the more we have to discover: an exciting future for understanding cilia and ciliopathies.

Cilia·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

2D and 3D Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Models to Dissect Primary Cilium Involvement during Neocortical Development
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[Primary cilia control different steps of brain development].

Christine Laclef1

  • 1Laboratoire de biologie du développement, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7622 CNRS, U969 Inserm, 9, quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.

Medecine Sciences : M/S
|November 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Primary cilia are crucial for brain development, particularly in Hedgehog signaling and neural progenitor regulation. Their dysfunction is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, highlighting a need for further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Primary cilia's role in adult neurons is unclear, but their developmental functions in brain morphogenesis are increasingly recognized.
  • Mouse models reveal essential roles in Hedgehog (Hh)-dependent forebrain patterning and Gli3 processing.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of primary cilia in neural development.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying cilia-mediated control of neural progenitor proliferation, interneuron migration, and brain structure formation.

Summary:

  • Primary cilia are vital for Hh-dependent forebrain patterning, regulating Gli3 processing independently of Hh ligand.
  • They control neural progenitor proliferation in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, and are essential for interneuron migration.
  • Cilia dysfunction correlates with hydrocephaly, synaptogenesis defects, and aberrant axonal projections, mirroring ciliopathy spectrum features.

Impact:

  • Understanding primary cilia functions in the brain is fundamental to deciphering neurodevelopmental defects observed in ciliopathies.
  • This research opens new avenues for investigating the molecular basis of neurological disorders linked to cilia dysfunction.