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Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

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Automated Sample Preparation for the Multiplexed Analysis of Single-Cell Histone Post-Translational Modifications (sc-hPTM2)

Automated Sample Preparation for the Multiplexed Analysis of Single-Cell Histone Post-Translational Modifications (sc-hPTM2)

Published on: December 19, 2025

High throughput sample processing and automated scoring.

Gunnar Brunborg¹, Petra Jackson², Sergey Shaposhnikov³

¹Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo, Norway.

Frontiers in Genetics

|November 13, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High throughput (HT) modifications enhance the comet assay for DNA damage assessment, enabling large-scale studies and improving efficiency. Further advancements in automated scoring are needed to increase throughput.

Keywords:

automated scoring comet assay genotoxicity high throughput in vivo sample processing

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Area of Science:

Genotoxicology
Cellular Biology
Biomonitoring

Background:

The comet assay is a standard method for detecting DNA damage.
Traditional comet assays are labor-intensive and have low throughput.
Limitations hinder large-scale applications like biomonitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss high-throughput (HT) modifications of the comet assay.
To highlight the benefits and challenges of HT comet assay methods.
To identify bottlenecks for further throughput increases.

Main Methods:

Review of recent high-throughput modifications for comet assay.
Adaptation of cell/tissue cultivation, sample handling, and storage for HT.
Focus on accelerated comet scoring techniques.

Main Results:

HT modifications significantly improve efficiency, reducing time and cost.
Automation offers more uniform sample treatment and reduces operator variability.
Large-scale experiments, including biomonitoring, become feasible.
Current HT methods vary in versatility, capacity, complexity, and cost.

Conclusions:

High-throughput comet assay modifications offer substantial advantages for DNA damage research.
Automation and streamlined workflows are key benefits.
Scoring remains a significant bottleneck for achieving even higher throughput.