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Related Concept Videos

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Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase COX/SDH Double-labeling Histochemistry
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Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation Associated With Peripheral Nerve Function in the Elderly.

Shana M Katzman1, Elsa S Strotmeyer2, Michael A Nalls3

  • 1Department of Innovation, Technology, and Alliances, University of California, San Francisco and.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|November 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial DNA sequence variations, particularly in 16S rRNA, are linked to peripheral nerve function. These findings may guide future strategies for preserving nerve health in aging populations.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyFunctional Performance.GeneticsSensory

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of sensory neuropathies.
  • Investigating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation offers insights into peripheral nerve health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of mtDNA sequence variation on peripheral nerve function.
  • To explore associations within the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed common mtDNA variants (n=1,580) and complete mtDNA sequences (n=138).
  • Assessed peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity/amplitude, vibration detection, and monofilament sensitivity.
  • Employed sequence-based methods to identify aggregate variant associations in 16S rRNA.

Main Results:

  • No significant associations found for common mtDNA variants after multiple comparison adjustments.
  • Aggregate rare variants in 16S rRNA showed significant associations with nerve conduction velocity (p=2E-05 to 9E-06).
  • Identified variants near known disease sites and the 16S rRNA peptidyl transferase center.

Conclusions:

  • mtDNA sequence variations impacting mitochondrial protein synthesis/assembly are associated with peripheral nerve function.
  • These findings suggest potential targets for interventions to maintain nerve function in older adults.