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Related Concept Videos

Body Planes01:06

Body Planes

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Body planes in anatomy are imaginary flat surfaces used as reference points to divide the body into sections for anatomical study. These planes are essential for understanding the orientation, relationships, and spatial organization of anatomical structures.
The sagittal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides. If this vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body resulting in equal division, it is called the midsagittal or median...
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Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis01:15

Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when a structural member is subjected to bending moments in a plane that does not align with the member's principal axes. This scenario typically arises in beams and other structural components when loads are applied at non-ideal angles, introducing complexities in stress analysis.
When a bending moment is applied at an angle θ concerning the vertical axis of a symmetrical member, it can be resolved into components along the member's principal...
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Stress on an Oblique Plane01:16

Stress on an Oblique Plane

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Understanding stress on an oblique plane under axial loading is pivotal in material mechanics. This analysis offers insight into a material's durability and strength, which is crucial for civil engineering and structural design. Axial loading refers to force application along the material's central axis, causing compression or elongation and leading to normal stress. Normal stress occurs when a force acts perpendicularly to the material's area, resulting in compressive or tensile...
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Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

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When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
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Unsymmetric Bending01:18

Unsymmetric Bending

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from those in symmetrical bending, and are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions. In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis—where stress is zero—does not necessarily align with the geometric axes of the cross-section. The...
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

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Fixed sagittal plane imbalance.

Jason W Savage1, Alpesh A Patel1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Global Spine Journal
|November 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fixed sagittal plane imbalance, often from scoliosis or flat back, causes pain and disability. Surgical correction aims to restore spinal alignment, improving quality of life.

Keywords:
adult spinal deformitypedicle subtraction osteotomysagittal plane imbalance

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Area of Science:

  • Spine surgery
  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanical engineering

Background:

  • Sagittal plane imbalance is a growing cause of patient disability.
  • Common etiologies include de novo scoliosis and iatrogenic flat back deformity.
  • Accurate assessment of malalignment is critical for surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evaluation and management of fixed sagittal plane imbalance.
  • To discuss preoperative assessment and surgical strategies for sagittal plane deformity.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review.
  • Analysis of preoperative evaluation techniques.
  • Review of surgical correction strategies for sagittal plane deformity.

Main Results:

  • Established objective parameters guide surgical correction.
  • Target goals include sagittal vertical axis < 5 cm, pelvic tilt < 20°, and lumbar lordosis matching pelvic incidence ± 9°.
  • Restoring spinopelvic alignment improves quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Fixed sagittal malalignment requires tailored treatment based on etiology, location, and severity.
  • Complex reconstructive procedures, including osteotomy, are often necessary.
  • Successful correction leads to significant improvements in patient outcomes and satisfaction.