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Localized input fields in rigorous coupled-wave analysis.

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new cyclic formulation of rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) efficiently processes localized input fields. This method enhances simulations for 3D volume gratings, impacting diverse applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Electromagnetics

    Background:

    • Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (RCWA) is a standard method for simulating diffraction gratings.
    • Simulating localized input fields with RCWA traditionally requires multiple computations.
    • Energy conservation and physical meaningfulness at finite truncation limits are critical.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel, efficient treatment for localized input fields in coupled-wave theory.
    • To introduce a cyclic formulation of RCWA that simplifies processing multiple input plane waves.
    • To enable accurate simulations of complex diffraction phenomena for 3D volume gratings.

    Main Methods:

    • Combined angular spectrum decomposition with a cyclic formulation of RCWA.
    • Adapted the three-dimensional (3D)-RCWA algorithm for localized and arbitrarily polarized input fields.
    • Introduced a cyclic approach for defining the convolution matrix of permittivity.

    Main Results:

    • The cyclic RCWA approach processes multiple input plane waves in a single calculation.
    • Ensures physically meaningful simulation results and inherent energy conservation.
    • Efficiently simulates effects of localized fields on 3D volume gratings.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed cyclic RCWA offers a significant advancement for simulating localized input fields.
    • This method facilitates the investigation of advanced diffraction problems, including fiber coupling and focused beams.
    • The approach has broad applicability across various scientific and engineering fields.