Aptamer-facilitated cryoprotection of viruses

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Virology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Global vaccination and gene therapy programs require stable viral vectors at low temperatures.
• Current methods for viral vector stabilization face challenges, particularly during cryopreservation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate a novel DNA tetra-aptamer as a cryoprotectant for viral vectors.
• To assess the efficacy of the DNA tetra-aptamer in preserving viral activity and integrity.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a quadramer, a bridge-connected DNA tetra-aptamer targeting the antivesicular stomatitis virus (VSV).
• Tested the tetra-aptamer's protective effects against freeze-thaw cycles, neutralizing antibodies, and particle aggregation.

Main Results:

• The tetravalent DNA aptamers demonstrated significant protection of viral activity across multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
• The aptamers effectively shielded viral particles from neutralizing antibodies.
• A notable decrease in viral particle aggregation was observed in the presence of the DNA aptamers.

Conclusions:

• DNA tetra-aptamers serve as effective viral cryoprotectants.
• This approach offers a promising solution for stabilizing viral vectors in vaccine and gene therapy applications.
• The developed tetra-aptamer enhances viral vector stability, activity, and reduces aggregation.