Practice patterns for peer review in radiation oncology

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Quality Improvement
• Radiation Therapy

Background:

• Physician peer review aims to enhance patient care quality by assessing medical decision-making and technical skills.
• The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) initiated a survey to understand current peer review practices and member interest in formal recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish current peer review practice patterns in radiation oncology.
• To evaluate physician interest in formal peer review recommendations.
• To develop a framework for future ASTRO guidance on peer review.

Main Methods:

• A validated, radiation oncology-specific peer review survey instrument was administered online to ASTRO physician members and trainees worldwide.
• The survey included questions on participation, comfort levels, review elements, and impact on treatment plans.

Main Results:

• 83% of respondents participate in peer review, with 56% of patients reviewed before treatment.
• Key elements reviewed include treatment strategy (86%), dose (89%), and contouring (59%).
• 90% of physicians have altered radiation plans due to peer review, affecting 7%-10% of cases; 74% support formal ASTRO recommendations.

Conclusions:

• Peer review is widely practiced in radiation oncology and influences patient management.
• Significant variability exists in peer review processes and perceived utility.
• A majority of ASTRO physician members favor formal recommendations and guidance for peer review.