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Physician peer review is common in radiation oncology and impacts treatment plans. Most members support formal American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) recommendations for improving care quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Quality Improvement
  • Radiation Therapy

Background:

  • Physician peer review aims to enhance patient care quality by assessing medical decision-making and technical skills.
  • The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) initiated a survey to understand current peer review practices and member interest in formal recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish current peer review practice patterns in radiation oncology.
  • To evaluate physician interest in formal peer review recommendations.
  • To develop a framework for future ASTRO guidance on peer review.

Main Methods:

  • A validated, radiation oncology-specific peer review survey instrument was administered online to ASTRO physician members and trainees worldwide.
  • The survey included questions on participation, comfort levels, review elements, and impact on treatment plans.

Main Results:

  • 83% of respondents participate in peer review, with 56% of patients reviewed before treatment.
  • Key elements reviewed include treatment strategy (86%), dose (89%), and contouring (59%).
  • 90% of physicians have altered radiation plans due to peer review, affecting 7%-10% of cases; 74% support formal ASTRO recommendations.

Conclusions:

  • Peer review is widely practiced in radiation oncology and influences patient management.
  • Significant variability exists in peer review processes and perceived utility.
  • A majority of ASTRO physician members favor formal recommendations and guidance for peer review.