Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

18.1K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
18.1K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

2.4K
2.4K
SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

15.3K
Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
15.3K
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

5.2K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
5.2K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

13.8K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
13.8K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

6.0K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
6.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identifying parsimonious pathways of accumulation and convergent evolution from binary data.

Systematic biology·2026
Same author

HyperTraPS-CT: Inference and prediction for accumulation pathways with flexible data and model structures.

PLoS computational biology·2024
Same author

Connecting Species-Specific Extents of Genome Reduction in Mitochondria and Plastids.

Molecular biology and evolution·2024
Same author

Ecological Predictors of Organelle Genome Evolution: Phylogenetic Correlations with Taxonomically Broad, Sparse, Unsystematized Data.

Systematic biology·2024
Same author

Exchange on dynamic encounter networks allows plant mitochondria to collect complete sets of mitochondrial DNA products despite their incomplete genomes.

Quantitative plant biology·2023
Same author

Avoiding misleading estimates using mtDNA heteroplasmy statistics to study bottleneck size and selection.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A Model Membrane Platform for Reconstituting Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics
10:31

A Model Membrane Platform for Reconstituting Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics

Published on: September 2, 2020

8.2K

Mitochondrial fusion through membrane automata.

Konstantinos Giannakis1, Theodore Andronikos

  • 1Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece, kgiann@ionio.gr.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new computational model for mitochondrial fusion, a key cellular process implicated in disease. The novel approach combines membrane computing with automata theory to better understand these complex biological mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Dynamics in Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells
06:14

Assessment of Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Dynamics in Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells

Published on: November 14, 2025

818
A Faster, High Resolution, mtPA-GFP-based Mitochondrial Fusion Assay Acquiring Kinetic Data of Multiple Cells in Parallel Using Confocal Microscopy
10:45

A Faster, High Resolution, mtPA-GFP-based Mitochondrial Fusion Assay Acquiring Kinetic Data of Multiple Cells in Parallel Using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: July 20, 2012

17.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A Model Membrane Platform for Reconstituting Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics
10:31

A Model Membrane Platform for Reconstituting Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics

Published on: September 2, 2020

8.2K
Assessment of Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Dynamics in Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells
06:14

Assessment of Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Dynamics in Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells

Published on: November 14, 2025

818
A Faster, High Resolution, mtPA-GFP-based Mitochondrial Fusion Assay Acquiring Kinetic Data of Multiple Cells in Parallel Using Confocal Microscopy
10:45

A Faster, High Resolution, mtPA-GFP-based Mitochondrial Fusion Assay Acquiring Kinetic Data of Multiple Cells in Parallel Using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: July 20, 2012

17.3K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to various diseases.
  • The precise mechanisms governing mitochondrial fusion remain unclear.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the complexity of these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel biomolecular model for mitochondrial fusion.
  • To utilize membrane computing and automata theory for this modeling.
  • To provide a new computational framework for studying mitochondrial dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • A case study using BioAmbient calculus was defined.
  • The BioAmbient calculus model was translated into a P automata variant.
  • Brane calculi were combined with (mem)brane automata to create a new modeling scheme.

Main Results:

  • A novel computational scheme for modeling mitochondrial fusion was developed.
  • The approach successfully integrates concepts from membrane computing and automata theory.
  • The proposed method is capable of describing simple, realistic biomolecular models.

Conclusions:

  • The combined approach offers a powerful new tool for understanding mitochondrial fusion.
  • Further application of these methods to other biomolecular models is recommended.
  • This work advances the computational study of cellular processes relevant to disease.