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Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease: a state of the art review

Murugapathy Veerasamy1, Alan Bagnall, Dermot Neely

  • 1From the *Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom; †Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom; ‡Department of Biochemistry, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom; and §Regional Medical Physics Department, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom.

Cardiology in Review
|November 25, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Endothelial dysfunction is a key factor in coronary artery disease (CAD) development and predicts cardiovascular outcomes. This review covers its pathophysiology, assessment, and therapeutic interventions for improved patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death globally.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is integral to atherosclerosis development and predicts cardiovascular (CV) events.
  • Recent advancements have improved CAD pharmacological prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction in CAD.
  • To describe methods for assessing endothelial function.
  • To examine the link between endothelial dysfunction and CV outcomes, and discuss therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiology.
  • Description of invasive and noninvasive assessment techniques for endothelial function.
  • Examination of evidence linking endothelial dysfunction to CV outcomes and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a significant contributor to CAD.
  • Various methods exist for assessing endothelial function.
  • Therapeutic interventions targeting endothelial dysfunction show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding endothelial dysfunction is crucial for CAD management.
  • Accurate assessment methods are available.
  • Targeting endothelial dysfunction offers a therapeutic avenue for improving CV outcomes.

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