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A tumor growth model with deformable ECM.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Current tumor growth models often neglect the extracellular matrix (ECM) or treat it as rigid.
  • Previous models by authors used a three-fluid approach (tumor cells, host cells, interstitial fluid) with a rigid ECM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a deformable extracellular matrix (ECM) on tumor growth dynamics.
  • To relax the rigid ECM assumption in existing fluid-analogy tumor growth models.

Main Methods:

  • Modeled the ECM as a porous solid matrix with Green-elastic and elasto-visco-plastic behavior under large strain.
  • Utilized Jauman and Truesdell objective stress measures and the deformation rate tensor.
  • Validated numerical results against in vitro multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS) experiments.

Main Results:

  • Tumor growth processes are accelerated in a deformable ECM compared to a rigid ECM.
  • The growth pattern of tumors differs significantly when the ECM is deformable due to altered porosity.
  • Tumor growth in a deformable ECM leads to changes in porosity, which are inhibited in a rigid ECM.

Conclusions:

  • The biomechanical properties of the ECM are crucial for accurately predicting tumor growth patterns.
  • Computational models must incorporate the deformable nature of the ECM for realistic tumor progression simulations.
  • Characterizing the full biomechanical behavior of tumor components is essential for understanding cancer evolution.