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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

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Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

The CryoAPEX Method for Electron Microscopy Analysis of Membrane Protein Localization Within Ultrastructurally-Preserved Cells
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Membrane modification strategies for cryopreservation.

Phillip H Purdy1, James K Graham

  • 1United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Germplasm Program, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason St., Fort Collins, CO, 80521-4500, USA, phil.purdy@ars.usda.gov.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell membranes can be modified with cyclodextrins or liposomes, enhancing cryopreservation survival. Lipid selection is key to altering membrane properties and improving cell viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Cryobiology

Background:

  • Cell membrane composition is crucial for cellular function and survival.
  • Cryopreservation often leads to cell damage due to membrane alterations.
  • Lipid-based modifications offer a potential strategy to improve cell cryosurvival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe methods for preparing cyclodextrins and liposomes for cell membrane modification.
  • To investigate the impact of lipid type and amount on membrane properties.
  • To provide principles for treating cells to enhance cryopreservation.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of cyclodextrins loaded with lipids.
  • Preparation of unilamellar liposomes.
  • Cell treatment protocols using these lipidic systems.

Main Results:

  • Lipid choice significantly influences membrane organization and phase transition properties.
  • Modified cell membranes exhibit altered physiological processes.
  • Successful application of these methods can enhance cell cryopreservation capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclodextrin and liposome-mediated cell membrane modification are effective strategies.
  • Tailoring lipid composition is critical for optimizing cryopreservation outcomes.
  • These technologies offer a promising approach to improve cell viability post-cryopreservation.