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Related Concept Videos

Bicarbonate-Carbonic Acid Buffer01:22

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) transport in the blood is critical to human physiology. On average, our body cells produce around 200 mL of CO2 per minute, precisely the quantity expelled by the lungs. This process involves the transportation of CO2 from the tissue cells to the lungs in three primary forms.
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Secondary Active Transport01:32

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One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme "pump" embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
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Expression, Solubilization, and Purification of Eukaryotic Borate Transporters
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Cation-coupled bicarbonate transporters.

Christian Aalkjaer1, Ebbe Boedtkjer, Inyeong Choi

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, and the Water and Salt Research Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.

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Summary
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Mammalian cation-coupled bicarbonate transporters (NCBTs) in the SLC4 family regulate intracellular pH and are vital for various tissue functions. Dysregulation of these transporters is linked to diseases like hypertension and epilepsy.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cation-coupled HCO3(-) transport identified in the 1970s, with the first Na(+)-coupled bicarbonate transporter (NCBT) cloned in the late 1990s.
  • Five mammalian NCBTs in the SLC4 family (NBCe1, NBCe2, NBCn1, NDCBE, NBCn2/NCBE) exhibit distinct properties despite sequence similarities.
  • NCBTs play critical roles in epithelial acid-base transport and intracellular pH control in non-epithelial tissues, impacting neuronal, cardiac, and vascular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the function, structure, and regulation of mammalian cation-coupled HCO3(-) transporters within the SLC4 family.
  • To highlight the distinct characteristics and physiological importance of different NCBT members.
  • To discuss the pathophysiological roles and disease associations of NCBTs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on SLC4 family transporters.
  • Analysis of functional, structural, and pharmacological data.
  • Examination of evidence from animal models and genetic studies.

Main Results:

  • Mammalian SLC4-family NCBTs (NBCe1, NBCe2, NBCn1, NDCBE, NBCn2/NCBE) display diverse ion dependencies and functions.
  • NCBTs are crucial for intracellular pH homeostasis in various tissues, influencing neuronal activity, cardiac function, and vascular tone.
  • Altered NCBT function and expression are implicated in metabolic acidosis, hypertension, visual defects, and epilepsy.

Conclusions:

  • Mammalian NCBTs are essential regulators of cellular pH with diverse physiological roles.
  • Understanding NCBTs provides insights into various disease states and potential therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into genetic polymorphisms of SLC4 members is crucial for understanding associations with cancer, hypertension, and addiction.