Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 20, 2026
11:21
Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
Published on: March 30, 2017
8.0K
Ultracold Fermi gases with emergent SU(N) symmetry
Miguel A Cazalilla1, Ana Maria Rey
1Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University and National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu City, Taiwan. Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel de Lardizabal, 4. 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|November 28, 2014
Summary
Ultracold alkaline-earth Fermi gases exhibit emergent SU(N) symmetry. Recent experiments achieved quantum degeneracy, optical Feshbach resonances, and Mott insulators, paving the way for new quantum phases.
Area of Science:
- Atomic Physics
- Quantum Gases
- Condensed Matter Theory
Background:
- Ultracold alkaline-earth Fermi gases are a promising platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena.
- SU(N) symmetry in these systems offers a unique avenue for fundamental physics research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent experimental and theoretical advancements in ultracold alkaline-earth Fermi gases with emergent SU(N) symmetry.
- To highlight key experimental achievements and survey predicted quantum phases.
Main Methods:
- Experimental cooling of ytterbium and strontium isotopes to quantum degeneracy.
- Demonstration of optical Feshbach resonances and optical Stern-Gerlach effect.
- Theoretical predictions of various quantum phases in trapped and lattice-loaded gases.
Main Results:
- Achieved quantum degeneracy in multiple isotopes.
- Realized optical Feshbach resonances, optical Stern-Gerlach effect, and Mott insulators.
- Predicted diverse quantum phases in 2D and 3D systems, including Fermi-Bose mixtures.
Conclusions:
- Significant experimental progress has been made, enabling the study of complex many-body physics.
- Challenges remain in reaching required temperatures for magnetic and exotic quantum orders.
- Addressing collisional relaxation is crucial for future advancements.
Related Concept Videos
03:24Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I
69.7K
The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
69.7K
01:18Fermi Level
2.6K
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
2.6K
01:12Fermi Level Dynamics
1.1K
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
1.1K
04:01VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs
54.6K
Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
54.6K
03:02The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule
82.1K
To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the...
82.1K
03:51Molecular Orbital Theory II
28.6K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
28.6K