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Tumor-induced myeloid dysfunction and its implications for cancer immunotherapy
Michelle N Messmer1, Colleen S Netherby, Debarati Banik
1Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII
|November 30, 2014
Summary
Cancer disrupts immune balance, favoring abnormal myeloid cells over lymphoid responses. Restoring myeloid differentiation may enhance anti-tumor immunity and serve as a biomarker for disease status.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Immune homeostasis requires a balance between lymphoid and myeloid responses.
- Neoplasia often leads to an imbalance, characterized by expanded immature myeloid cells and diminished lymphoid responses.
- This immune dysregulation impacts cancer progression and treatment efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define atypical myelopoiesis in cancer patients and its clinical impact.
- To investigate the mechanisms driving these myeloid alterations.
- To explore strategies for restoring myeloid differentiation and enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current research on myeloid cell differentiation in cancer.
- It examines clinical data correlating myeloid abnormalities with outcomes.
- Mechanistic insights are drawn from preclinical and clinical studies.
Main Results:
- Atypical myelopoiesis is a common feature in cancer, associated with poor clinical outcomes.
- Neoplastic processes fundamentally alter myeloid homeostasis.
- These alterations impair the host's anti-tumor immune response.
Conclusions:
- Dysregulated myeloid differentiation in cancer is a critical factor influencing therapeutic efficacy.
- Restoring normal myeloid cell differentiation presents a promising therapeutic strategy.
- Myeloid cell alterations can serve as novel biomarkers for disease monitoring.
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