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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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Current perspectives on immunotherapy.

Jeffrey S Weber1

  • 1H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL.

Seminars in Oncology
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer immunotherapy has seen major advances with new treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors and dendritic cell vaccines, offering hope for long-term control of advanced cancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy has faced challenges but is experiencing a resurgence.
  • Recent approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors and dendritic cell vaccines have renewed enthusiasm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy.
  • To discuss the impact of new treatments on managing advanced cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of regulatory approvals for ipilimumab and sipuleucel-T.
  • Analysis of early clinical trial data for other immune checkpoint inhibitors and therapeutic vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Successful development and commercialization of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • Regulatory approval of dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines.
  • Encouraging data from ongoing clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer immunotherapy is now a leading therapeutic strategy for advanced cancers.
  • Long-term tumor control for metastatic disease is becoming more achievable.
  • Further research into immune regulation and tumor evasion mechanisms is crucial.