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Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney
Published on: October 12, 2015
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New methods and technologies for measuring uremic toxins and quantifying dialysis adequacy
Raymond Vanholder1, Jente Boelaert, Griet Glorieux
1Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
Seminars in Dialysis
|December 3, 2014
Summary
Identifying and removing uremic retention solutes is crucial for managing kidney disease. Advanced "omics" technologies aid in discovering these solutes and assessing removal strategies, but clinical trials are needed to confirm their impact.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Analytical Chemistry
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Uremic retention solutes accumulate in kidney disease, impacting patient health.
- Current analytical methods have advanced, enabling the identification of novel uremic solutes.
- Comprehensive 'omics' strategies like genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics accelerate solute discovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review methods for identifying uremic retention solutes.
- To assess strategies for determining the biological relevance of these solutes.
- To evaluate methods for quantifying the removal of uremic solutes.
Main Methods:
- Review of analytical techniques for uremic solute detection.
- Utilizing 'omics' approaches (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) for solute identification.
- Employing in vitro, ex vivo, and animal models to study biological relevance.
- Analyzing solute kinetics during dialysis for optimization.
- Clinical studies and randomized controlled trials to assess therapeutic impact.
Main Results:
- Continuous improvement in analytical methods allows for the identification of previously unknown uremic solutes.
- Established protocols for studying solute relevance using models that mimic uremic syndrome complications.
- Nondialysis and dialysis strategies are proposed for reducing solute concentrations.
- Solute kinetics during dialysis can inform optimal dialysis strategies.
Conclusions:
- Further refinement of 'omics' methodologies is expected.
- Rigorous study protocols are essential for assessing solute biological relevance.
- Clinical studies, particularly randomized controlled trials, are necessary to validate therapeutic interventions for uremic solute removal.
- The nonspecificity of dialysis presents a challenge in proving the definitive biological impact of specific solutes.
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