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Related Concept Videos

Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

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The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

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Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice
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Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

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BCG-induced protection: effects on innate immune memory.

Mihai G Netea1, Reinout van Crevel1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Seminars in Immunology
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, crucial for tuberculosis prevention, offers broader health benefits beyond immunity. It enhances innate immune responses via trained immunity, potentially improving protection against various diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
Keywords:
BCGInnate immune memoryTrained immunityTuberculosis

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  • Infectious Diseases

    • Background:

    • The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is the primary defense against tuberculosis and the most widely used vaccine globally.
    • Beyond its specific anti-mycobacterial action, BCG demonstrates significant non-specific beneficial effects, including protection against other infections, reduced allergy incidence, and cancer treatment.
    • These effects are attributed to modulation of adaptive immunity and potentiation of innate immune responses through epigenetic reprogramming, a phenomenon known as trained immunity.