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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A RANKL-based Osteoclast Culture Assay of Mouse Bone Marrow to Investigate the Role of mTORC1 in Osteoclast Formation

A RANKL-based Osteoclast Culture Assay of Mouse Bone Marrow to Investigate the Role of mTORC1 in Osteoclast Formation

Published on: March 15, 2018

Fundamental for life: mTOR orchestrates developing biological systems.

¹Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

|December 3, 2014

Summary

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls cell growth and organism development by regulating protein translation and other cellular processes. This review series explores current mTOR signaling pathways and their fundamental role in maintaining biological systems.

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Last Updated: Apr 20, 2026

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Physiology

Background:

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), historically known as mammalian target of rapamycin, is a central regulator of cell growth.
mTOR influences numerous cellular processes beyond its well-established role in protein translation.
Understanding mTOR signaling is crucial for comprehending organism growth and development.

Discussion:

The regulation of mTOR and its associated signaling pathways has been a rapidly expanding field over recent decades.
This special series consolidates current knowledge on mTOR function and signaling.
The reviews cover fundamental and advanced aspects of mTOR biology.

Key Insights:

mTOR orchestrates organism growth and development through diverse cellular functions.
mTOR signaling is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
The series provides a comprehensive overview of mTOR's multifaceted roles.

Outlook:

Further research into mTOR regulation will continue to deepen our understanding of biological systems.
mTOR's role in maintaining health and well-being warrants continued investigation.
This series serves as a foundational resource for future studies on mTOR signaling.