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Published on: December 23, 2025
Process evaluation of an exercise counseling intervention using motivational interviewing.
Margaret M McCarthy1, Victoria Vaughan Dickson2, Stuart D Katz3
1Yale School of Nursing, Orange, CT 06477, USA.
This study evaluated an exercise counseling intervention using motivational interviewing (MI) for heart failure patients. Process evaluation showed good intervention fidelity and adherence, despite some participant dropout.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Health Promotion
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Exercise is crucial for heart failure self-care but cardiac rehabilitation access is limited.
- Clinical exercise counseling offers an alternative for patients with heart failure.
- Motivational interviewing (MI) is a potential tool for enhancing exercise adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a process evaluation of an exercise counseling intervention for heart failure patients.
- To assess the recruitment, retention, implementation, and reach of the intervention.
- To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of using motivational interviewing in this context.
Main Methods:
- Process evaluation aligned with health promotion program guidelines.
- Assessment of recruitment and retention rates.
- Evaluation of intervention implementation, including fidelity and adherence to motivational interviewing.
Main Results:
- Recruitment met desired numbers, but a 25% dropout rate was observed.
- High fidelity to the exercise counseling intervention was achieved.
- Adherence to motivational interviewing improved over time; participation in daily diaries varied.
Conclusions:
- Process evaluation offers critical insights into intervention design and delivery.
- Intervention fidelity and adherence are key components for successful health promotion programs.
- Motivational interviewing shows promise for improving exercise adherence in heart failure management.
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