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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Dissecting Cell-Autonomous Function of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein in an Auditory Circuit by In Ovo Electroporation
Published on: July 6, 2022
Reading and phonological skills in boys with fragile X syndrome
Jessica Klusek1, Anna W Hunt, Penny L Mirrett
1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA, klusek@mailbox.sc.edu.
Abstract:
Although reading skills are critical for the success of individuals with intellectual disabilities, literacy has received little attention in fragile X syndrome (FXS). This study examined the literacy profile of FXS. Boys with FXS (n = 51; mean age 10.2 years) and mental age-matched boys with typical development (n = 35) participated in standardized assessments of reading and phonological skills. Phonological skills were impaired in FXS, while reading was on-par with that of controls. Phonological awareness predicted reading ability and ASD severity predicted poorer phonological abilities in FXS. Boys with FXS are capable of attaining reading skills that are commensurate with developmental level and phonological awareness skills may play a critical role in reading achievement in FXS.
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