Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

12.0K

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of prematurity

Preeti Patil Chhablani1, Ramesh Kekunnaya

  • 1Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Neuro-ophthalmology, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, KAR Campus, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants face increased risks of vision loss from conditions like retinopathy of prematurity and cortical visual impairment (CVI). Early diagnosis and rehabilitation are crucial for managing these complex visual challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Rising preterm birth rates and improved survival increase the incidence of prematurity-related complications.
  • Infants born preterm are susceptible to visual impairments beyond retinopathy of prematurity, including those from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and metabolic issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of ocular and visual pathway complications in preterm infants.
  • To highlight the challenges in evaluating and managing visual deficits in this population.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on visual complications in preterm infants.
  • Discussion of anterior and posterior visual pathway involvement.
  • Analysis of associated ocular motor and functional vision deficits.

Main Results:

  • Prematurity can lead to optic atrophy, optic nerve hypoplasia, and cortical visual impairment (CVI).
  • Ocular associations include strabismus, nystagmus, and abnormal ocular motor function.
  • CVI presents with visual field defects, photophobia, processing, and color vision deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Visual impairment in preterm infants is multifactorial, affecting both anterior and posterior visual pathways.
  • Management is complex due to co-existing systemic disabilities.
  • Early diagnosis and rehabilitation therapy are vital for improving outcomes in children with visual impairment due to prematurity.

More Related Videos

How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns07:39

How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns

Published on: October 24, 2019

6.9K
Monitoring Dynamic Growth of Retinal Vessels in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Mouse Model10:32

Monitoring Dynamic Growth of Retinal Vessels in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Mouse Model

Published on: April 2, 2021

4.5K

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
11.3K
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.7K
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
11
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
4.8K
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
1.2K
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
4