Analysis among cognitive profiles and gray matter volume in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive
Sang Woo Noh1, Yong Hee Han2, Chi Woong Mun2
1Department of Neurology, Bussan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Bussan, South Korea.
Purpose:
To analyze the characteristics of neuropsychological profiles and gray matter volume in de novo, drug-naïve Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI).
Methods:
Fifty-two newly diagnosed PD patients were assessed with neuropsychological testing, and PD-MCI was defined in patients with at least one or more abnormal cognitive test domains. PD with normal cognition (PD-NC) did not meet the criteria for PD-MCI or PD with dementia. Brain MRI scans was acquired from the patients and healthy controls (HC). The imaging processing and analysis of the gray matter (GM) volume were performed platform to determine the difference between PD-MCI and PD-NC.
Results:
There were no differences of motor subscores between PD-MCI and PD-NC. The clinical dementia rating, global deterioration scale, and verbal memory were significantly worse in PD-MCI than in PD-NC. GM volume loss was observed in the right hippocampus, right cuneus, and right precuneus in PD-NC compared to in the HC. PD-MCI had significantly decreased GM volume in the bilateral temporal and frontal areas compared with that of the HC. The GM volume was significantly decreased in the right temporal pole, left precuneus, medial frontal and posterior cingulated gyrus in PD-MCI compared with PD-NC.
Conclusions:
Clinical dementia ratings and global deterioration scales could differentiate PD-MCI from PD-NC. Verbal memory impairment is characterized as a cognitive deficit of de novo PD-MCI and is associated with the posterior cortical area.
Insights
Newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) shows verbal memory deficits and reduced gray matter volume in frontal and temporal areas. These findings help differentiate PD-MCI from Parkinson's disease with normal cognition (PD-NC).
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurology
- Radiology
Background:
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor function.
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is common in PD, impacting daily life.
- Understanding early cognitive changes in de novo, drug-naïve PD is crucial for timely intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize neuropsychological profiles in de novo, drug-naïve Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI).
- To analyze gray matter (GM) volume differences in PD-MCI compared to Parkinson's disease with normal cognition (PD-NC) and healthy controls (HC).
Main Methods:
- Fifty-two newly diagnosed PD patients underwent neuropsychological testing to define PD-MCI and PD-NC groups.
- Brain MRI scans were acquired for PD patients and HC.
- Gray matter (GM) volume analysis was performed to compare groups.
Main Results:
- PD-MCI patients exhibited significantly worse performance in clinical dementia rating, global deterioration scale, and verbal memory compared to PD-NC.
- Reduced GM volume was observed in the right hippocampus, cuneus, and precuneus in PD-NC versus HC.
- PD-MCI showed decreased GM volume in bilateral temporal and frontal areas compared to HC, and in specific regions like the right temporal pole and medial frontal gyrus compared to PD-NC.
Conclusions:
- Clinical dementia ratings and global deterioration scales can distinguish PD-MCI from PD-NC.
- Verbal memory impairment is a key cognitive deficit in de novo PD-MCI, linked to posterior cortical areas.
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