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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

375
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
375
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

334
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
334
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

346
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
346
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

359
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
359
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

828
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
828
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

370
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
370

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
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Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

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Emergency department utilization by older adults: a descriptive study.

Lesley P Latham1, Stacy Ackroyd-Stolarz1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.

Canadian Geriatrics Journal : CGJ
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Older adults utilize emergency departments (EDs) significantly, with increasing resource intensity as age advances. Understanding these distinct ED usage patterns is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving care for this demographic.

Keywords:
agedaged 80 and overemergency medical servicesemergency service–hospitalfrail elderlyhealth services

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Emergency Departments (EDs) are vital for older adult care.
  • Characterizing ED usage is essential for tailored care planning for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the patterns of Emergency Department (ED) usage among older adults.
  • To identify factors influencing ED resource utilization in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing administrative and clinical data from four sites.
  • Analysis of 34,454 ED visits for patients aged 65 years and older using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Older adults constituted 21.8% of total ED visits.
  • Nearly 75% of visits were triaged as urgent/emergent, with high rates of diagnostic imaging (49.8%) and lab work (62.1%).
  • Length of stay and resource utilization increased with age; 20% of older adults were admitted.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults exhibit unique ED utilization patterns.
  • ED resource intensity escalates with advancing age.
  • Findings can inform targeted interventions and alternative care models for older adults.