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Experience with Sonogram-guided hydrostatic reduction of Intussusception in Children in South-West Nigeria
Insights
Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction is an effective, cost-effective treatment for intussusception in children. This conservative approach offers reduced morbidity and monitors the reduction process, making it suitable for resource-poor settings.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Medical Imaging
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Intussusception is a primary cause of intestinal obstruction in young children.
- Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for diagnosing intussusception.
- Ultrasound offers reduced morbidity and avoids radiation exposure compared to other treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction for pediatric intussusception.
- To identify predictors of successful hydrostatic reduction in children.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of children with uncomplicated intussusception (2005-2013).
- Clinical diagnosis confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography.
- Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction performed on selected patients; operative reduction for failed cases.
Main Results:
- 36 patients (42.9%) were eligible for hydrostatic reduction.
- Successful reduction achieved in 21 patients (58.3%).
- Higher success rates observed in patients under 1 year and those presenting within 48 hours.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction is an effective conservative management for selected pediatric intussusception cases.
- This method is cost-effective and beneficial in resource-limited environments.
- Ultrasound monitoring aids in visualizing reduction and identifying lead points.
Background:
Intussusception is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children. The diagnosis and treatment of intussusception has evolved over the years with ultrasound being the first choice imaging technique and a major player in the non-operative reduction of intussusception owing to its advantage of reduced morbidity and non-exposure to ionizing radiation when compared to other modalities of treatment. Aim & Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction in the management of intussusception in children and assess the predictors of reducibility.
Methods:
A prospective study of all infants and children who presented with uncomplicated intussusception was conducted between January, 2005 and September, 2013. The diagnosis of intussusception was made clinically and this was confirmed by an abdominal ultrasonography. Ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception was performed on the selected patients after they were adequately resuscitated. Failed reduction was abandoned in favour of operative reduction in some patients. Data collected included the age of the patients, duration of symptoms and the outcomes of the procedure and these were analyzed.
Results:
Eighty-four patients with intussusception were treated over this period, 36(42.9%) patients were found suitable for hydrostatic reduction of intussusception. Twenty-four(66.7%) patients presented within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Twenty-one(58.3%) patients had successful hydrostatic reduction of intussusception while 15(41.7%) patients had failed reduction. The procedure was successful in majority (58%) of the patients under the age of 1 year and one of the three (33%) patients older than one year. Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception was successful in 14 out of 24 patients (58.3%) who presented within 48 hours of onset of symptoms.
Conclusion:
Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception under ultrasound guidance is an effective and useful conservative method of management in carefully selected children with intussusception. Overall, this modality of treatment is cost effective and could readily be used for patients in resource poor environment. It also monitors the reduction process and visualizes the components of the intussusception including the lead points.
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