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Systems biology in 3D space--enter the morphome.

John M Lucocq1, Terry M Mayhew2, Yannick Schwab3

  • 1School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.

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|December 3, 2014
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Summary

Introducing morphome and morphomics for 3D biological systems. Stereology offers a rapid, unbiased method to analyze nanoscale data, solving big data challenges in systems biology and linking advanced imaging techniques.

Keywords:
electron microscopymorphomemorphomicsquantitationserial EMstereology

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Area of Science:

  • Systems biology
  • Cellular and molecular biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Understanding biological systems requires vast datasets ('omes') from omics methodologies.
  • A comprehensive, quantitative 3D nanoscale view of cellular and organellar systems is currently lacking.
  • Emerging nanoimaging platforms like electron microscopy (EM) generate large datasets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the terms 'morphome' and 'morphomics' for 3D biological matter distribution and its quantitative analysis.
  • To propose stereology as a solution for systematic and quantitative 3D data collection.
  • To address the 'big data' challenge posed by advanced imaging techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of 'morphome' (3D distribution of living matter) and 'morphomics' (methods for systematic 3D data collection).
  • Application of stereology, a sampling-based approach, for rapid, precise, and minimally biased morphomics.
  • Integration of stereology with wide-scale electron microscopy (EM) and nanoimaging platforms.

Main Results:

  • Stereology provides a solution to the 'big data' problem in morphomics.
  • Stereology enables rapid, precise, and minimally biased quantitative analysis of 3D biological systems.
  • The proposed morphomics approach can link diverse nanoimaging platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Morphomics, enabled by stereology, offers a path to a comprehensive, quantitative 3D understanding of biological systems.
  • Stereology bridges the gap between traditional and advanced imaging techniques for nanoscale biological data.
  • This framework facilitates a systems-based understanding of cellular and organellar architecture.