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Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
1Department of Pharmacotherapy, Washington State University, Health Sciences Building, Suite 210, PO Box 1459, Spokane, WA 99210, USA.
The Medical Clinics of North America
|December 3, 2014
Summary
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower blood sugar in diabetes patients by 0.5% to 1%. While generally safe, they can increase the risk of mild urinary and genital infections.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus.
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a novel class of antihyperglycemic agents.
- Current therapeutic options for diabetes management are expanding with new drug classes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of SGLT2 inhibitors.
- To understand the role of SGLT2 inhibition in managing hyperglycemia.
- To assess the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on glycemic control (A1C).
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical data on SGLT2 inhibitors.
- Analysis of approved SGLT2 agents in the United States.
- Monitoring of adverse events associated with SGLT2 inhibition.
Main Results:
- SGLT2 inhibitors reduce A1C levels by approximately 0.5% to 1%.
- Two SGLT2 inhibitor agents are currently approved in the US, with more in development.
- Increased incidence of urinary tract and genital infections observed, typically mild and manageable.
Conclusions:
- SGLT2 inhibition is an effective strategy for mitigating hyperglycemia in diabetes.
- SGLT2 inhibitors offer a valuable addition to the antihyperglycemic treatment arsenal.
- The benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in glycemic control outweigh the risks of mild infections.
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